Markets juggle Davos risks, disinflation, rate-cut bets and new crypto rules

Markets entered the year balancing a familiar mix of narratives, disinflation progress, shifting rate-cut bets, and a steady bid for risk assets, while Davos added a public-stage reality check from central bankers. Even when price pressures appear to be cooling, the path from “inflation falling” to “rates falling” is rarely linear, and market pricing can tighten or loosen financial conditions faster than policymakers intend.

At the same time, crypto has been pulled into the macro conversation again, reacting not only to U.S. data but also to a new wave of rulemaking. Russia’s proposed framework to regulate trading, paired with explicit limits and payment restrictions, illustrates how the next leg of crypto adoption may be shaped as much by compliance design as by liquidity and sentiment.

Davos: a live test of market optimism versus central-bank caution

The World Economic Forum in Davos often acts as an amplifier for themes already in play, growth worries, inflation progress, and the timing of policy pivots. In January 2024, ECB policymaker Klaas Knot injected a direct warning into that feedback loop, arguing that markets may be “getting a of themselves” on rate-cut expectations.

Knot’s point was not simply semantic. If investors price aggressive easing too early, yields can fall and credit spreads can tighten, easing financial conditions in a way that can re-stoke demand or slow the pace of disinflation. In his words, rate-cut expectations “might become self-defeating,” because the market’s optimism can reduce the need, or the justification, for cuts later.

The Davos takeaway for portfolio managers is that communication risk is part of the trade. When policymakers see markets doing the easing for them, they may respond with firmer guidance, or at least slower endorsement of the market path, especially if they worry about reigniting inflation or mispricing financial stability risks.

Disinflation data: why 2.7% line can still feel “not done yet”

U.S. disinflation has remained a central pillar of cross-asset positioning. December CPI showed line inflation at 2.7% year over year and core inflation at 2.6%, the slowest core pace since March 2021, numbers that have continued to shape the “disinflation vs. cuts” narrative into mid‑January 2026.

Yet markets often wrestle with the difference between “improving” and “sufficient.” A core print in the mid‑2% range can be interpreted as progress toward price stability, but it does not automatically translate into immediate easing, particularly if central banks worry that services inflation, wages, or demand could re-accelerate.

This is why the same CPI report can create two simultaneous trades: one that celebrates disinflation (risk-on, lower yields), and another that respects policy inertia (front-end rates holding up, cuts pushed out). The tug-of-war shows up most clearly in rapid repricing of near-term rate-cut odds.

Rate-cut bets: repricing is the message, not the surprise

Rate expectations can swing sharply as each new inflation or labor release lands. Recent tracking illustrates the point: the market-implied “probability of a January cut” fell to 4.4% from 16.6% in a week, while roughly 50 basis points of easing were priced through end‑2026.

That kind of shift matters because it changes the discount rate applied to everything from mega-cap equities to venture-style growth exposures, and it also changes the opportunity cost of holding non-yielding assets. In other words, repricing is itself a tightening or easing impulse, even before central banks move.

For investors, the practical lesson is to treat “cut bets” as a tradable variable rather than a forecast. The market is continuously recalibrating the balance between inflation progress and economic resilience, and those recalibrations can be more impactful for performance than the eventual policy decision.

Jobs data and risk assets: macro sensitivity returns to crypto

Labor data remains one of the fastest ways to push cuts out on the calendar. In the latest example, the U.S. unemployment rate slipped to 4.4% from 4.5%, while December job gains came in at 50,000 versus 60,000 expected. The report was widely read as dimming January rate-cut hopes.

Crypto reacted in kind: the shift in policy expectations pressured tokens such as BTC and XRP, underscoring that digital assets still trade as macro-sensitive risk exposures during many regimes. When the market decides the Fed can wait, the immediate impact is often felt via higher real yields and a firmer dollar, winds for speculative positioning.

Still, the reaction was not uniformly bearish in narrative terms. Some investors saw the data as “not too hot, not too cold,” leaving room for easing later even if January fell off the table. That nuance is exactly why crypto volatility can rise even when the macro line looks modest.

Crypto resilience amid fewer cuts: the March mirage and risk appetite

Despite markets trimming near-term easing odds, pockets of risk appetite have remained surprisingly firm. One analyst view framed the dynamic succinctly: risk assets like bitcoin “seem to be acting as if a March rate cut was still on the table,” even though most participants are not expecting it, a quote attributed to Truflation’s Oliver Rust.

This disconnect can happen when liquidity expectations outpace policy expectations. Investors may believe that even without an immediate cut, financial conditions can loosen through other channels, better inflation prints, slower QT expectations, improving risk sentiment, or simple positioning dynamics after a sell-off.

Cross-asset context supports the idea that markets are willing to look through uncertainty. In mid‑January 2026, U.S. equities held up while volatility stayed contained, e.g., VIX around 15.84 on Jan 15, 2026, suggesting that the marginal buyer is still willing to take duration and growth risk even as the rate path remains debated.

New crypto rules: Russia’s 2026 framework and what it signals

Regulation is becoming a second macro variable for digital assets: it can influence flows, custody access, and investor confidence almost as much as CPI or payrolls. Russia’s central bank has proposed a framework to legalize and regulate crypto trading, with rules expected to be adopted in 2026, while emphasizing that crypto carries unique hazards.

The warning was explicit: cryptocurrencies “are not issued or guaranteed by any jurisdiction and are subject to increased volatility and sanctions risks.” For global markets, that language matters because it frames crypto as an investable instrument under constraints rather than a parallel payment system, and it highlights geopolitical overlays that can affect liquidity and counterparties.

The proposal also includes concrete mechanics likely to shape participation. Nonqualified investors would be capped at 300,000 rubles (about $3,300) per intermediary per year (with testing), and crypto/stablecoins “cannot be used for domestic payments.” Those design choices encourage controlled exposure while limiting the chance that crypto becomes a shadow payments rail inside the country.

Disinflation beyond the U.S.: Switzerland and the renewed negative-rate conversation

While the Federal Reserve remains the key global anchor, other central banks provide important signal value, especially when their inflation dynamics differ. In Switzerland, SNB chair Martin Schlegel underscored that negative rates cannot be ruled out, saying: “You cannot exclude it. If necessary, we will do it.”

The comment landed against a backdrop of very low inflation: Switzerland’s inflation was cited at 0.6% at end‑2024 after a 50 basis point cut to 0.5%. For global investors, that combination, sub-1% inflation and open-mindedness about negative rates, reinforces that disinflation can be powerful enough to revive policy tools many thought were shelved.

This matters for markets because global easing is rarely synchronized. When one jurisdiction credibly signals deeper easing potential, capital can rotate across currencies, bonds, and equities in ways that affect everyone’s financial conditions. That, in turn, feeds back into the debate central bankers like Knot raised: markets can loosen conditions faster than committees intend.

Tech and geopolitics: why “new rules” extend beyond finance

Market risk premia are not set only by inflation and growth; they also reflect operational and systemic threats. The Bank of England has flagged financial-stability risks tied to AI concentration and herding, and it has warned about quantum-era threats, pointing out that post‑quantum migration will require “sustained effort and planning.”

These themes intersect with Davos-style discussions because they sit at the border of policy, infrastructure, and geopolitics. If AI-driven strategies encourage correlated positioning, volatility can jump when the same signals trigger the same exits. If quantum computing accelerates, the integrity of cryptographic systems, and thus parts of the financial plumbing, becomes a longer-dated but potentially existential risk.

For crypto specifically, these concerns cut both ways. On one hand, heightened awareness of cryptographic resilience can increase scrutiny and compliance burdens. On the other, clearer standards and migration roadmaps can strengthen institutional comfort, assuming implementation keeps pace with the threat horizon.

Markets are juggling multiple moving targets: disinflation that is real but uneven, rate-cut bets that can reprice violently, and policy communications that can lean against premature easing in financial conditions. Davos added a visible reminder that central bankers are watching the market’s enthusiasm, and may push back if it risks becoming “self-defeating.”

Meanwhile, crypto is being pulled into the same web of macro and policy forces, with Russia’s proposed 2026 trading framework highlighting how regulatory architecture can shape demand as much as narratives do. The common thread is that “rules”, whether about rates, trading limits, or technological resilience, are increasingly the variables investors must price alongside growth and inflation.